Contemporary Qur’anic Exegetes’ Justification Viewpoins on the Initial-Offensive Jihād; a Comparative-critical Study

Document Type : Academicm and Research

Authors

1 Assistant Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

2 Ph.d. Candidate, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

3  Associate Professor, Department of Qur’anic Studies, Tehran University, Tehran, Iran

4  Associate Professor, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

Abstract

Received: 2021/10/2  |   Correction: 2022/5/13   |   Accepted: 2022/5/13
Jihād is one of the most important Islamic furūʿāt (derivatives), which Muslim exegetes and jurists thus have written a lot about it. Historically, many early Muslim exegetes and jurists have considered the permission or even the obligation of two types of jihād, namely the initial-offensive and the defensive ones. Nevertheless, in recent centuries, a group of them denies the initial-offensive jihād due to various necessary social relations such as freedom of belief, from which it is usually seen as a clear violation. To explain it, another group uses some different justifications for the initial-offensive jihād, such as interpreting it as the defensive one, to be finally able to resolve the mentioned seeming contradiction. The viewpoints of the second group can be divided into these four major headings: (i). the initial-offensive jihād as defend of human fiṭra (innate disposition); (ii). the initial-offensive jihād as defend of preemption war; (iii). the initial-offensive jihād as proselyte jihād; (iv). the initial-offensive jihād as denial of superstitions and false affairs. Using descriptive-analytical methods, the present critical study has analyzed these interpretive viewpoints and finally has not accepted any of them. In short, they neither fully conform to the well-known Islamic conception of the initial-offensive jihād, nor convincingly manage to resolve such a contemporary religious dilemma.
Contemporary Qur’anic Exegetes’ Justification Viewpoins on the Initial-Offensive Jihād; a Comparative-critical Study

Ghazizadeh, K; Kafaei Jalili-Fard, Z; Nafisi, Sh; Nilsaz, N. (2022) Contemporary Qur’anic Exegetes’ Justification Viewpoins on the Initial-Offensive Jihād; a Comparative-critical Study. Biannual Journal of Comparative Exegetical Researches, 8 (15) 167-192. Doi: 10.22091/PTT.2022.6450.1905.

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Main Subjects

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