A Study of the Proximiting Approach of al-Tibyān and Majmaʿ al-Bayān in Quoting the Narrations of Prophetic Household (PBUT)

Document Type : Academicm and Research

Authors

1 Ph.D. Graduated, Department of Qur’anic Studies, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran

2  Assistant Professor, Department of Qur’anic Studies, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran

Abstract

Received: 2021/10/15  |   Correction: 2022/1/19   |   Accepted: 2022/1/19
The existence of some common interpretive features between Shi’ites and Sunnis in al-Tibyān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān indicates the author’s motivation to write a proximiting exegesis of the Qur’an. This fact has been quite effective in the manner of Muḥammad b. Ḥasan Ṭūsī (385-460/995-1067) to convey interpretive narrations, especially those belong to ahl al-bayt (Prophetic household). In the following centuries, this manner of interpreting was applied in some other Shi’ite exegeses, especially Majmaʿ al-Bayān fī Tafsīr al-Qurʾān of Faḍl b. Ḥasan Ṭabrisī (454-532/1073-1154). Some Sunni scholars have praised Ṭabrisī’s moderative manner and thus his interpretation can be considered a successful example of proximiting exegesis of the Qur’an. However, considering the precedence of al-Tibyān over Majmaʿ al-Bayān, as well as Ṭabrisī’s use of the same mode of interpretive moderation, the suggested manner should first be sought in al-Tibyān. The present article has investigated the proximiting characteristics of interpretive narrations in these two exegeses by using the method of textual analysis and comparison of narrations. Attention to non-Shi’ite sources, quoting many narrations of the Prophet Muhammad and ʿAlī b. Abī-Ṭālib (PBUT) from Sunni sources, refraining from quoting the narrations of the virtues of ahl al-bayt (PBUT) and condemning the first triple Caliphs, and not explicitly quoting Shi’ite teachings, are among the proximiting features of these two Qur’anic exegeses. Nonetheless, the use of more sources, naming Shi’ite and Sunni sources with the priority of the former ones, as well as the abundance of Shi’ite narrations under the Qur’anic verses in particular regarding the narrations of the virtues of ahl al-bayt, are among the differences between Majmaʿ al-Bayān and al-Tibyān.

Musawi Darreh-Bidi, M.S; Ahmadnijad, O. (2022) A Study of the Proximiting Approach of al-Tibyān and Majmaʿ al-Bayān in Quoting the Narrations of Prophetic Household (PBUT). Biannual Journal of Comparative Exegetical Researches, 8 (15) 336-366. Doi: 10.22091/PTT.2021.4615.1598.

Keywords

Full Text

نتیجه­

نتایجی که از نوشتار حاضر به دست می‌آید عبارتند از:

  1. ویژگی­هایی در دو تفسیر التبیان و مجمع‌البیان مشاهده می‌شود که بیان‌کننده رویکرد تقریبی این دو تفسیر است.
  2. در مقایسه فضای نگارش این دو تفسیر، فضای نگارش مجمع‌البیان به‌ویژه با مهاجرت طبرسی به مشهد و منطقه بیهق، مناسب­تر بوده، درنتیجه نقل روایات و بسط نظریات اعتقادی شیعه در آن بیش‌تر مشاهده می‌شود.
  3. نقل قرائات، تأکید بر عدم تحریف قرآن، توجه به اقوال مفسران عامه و نقل آراء فقهی مذاهب و روش نقل روایات در التبیان از شاخص‌های تقریبی آن است.
  4. روایات نقل شده از اهل‌بیت (ع)، استفاده از منابع تفسیری اهل سنت، خودداری از نقل روایات باطنی شیعه، اشاره به معارف شیعه و عدم تصریح به آن‌ها و رعایت رتبه اهل‌بیت (ع) در ردیف صحابه و تابعان، از ویژگی‌های التبیان به شمار می‌آید که در برخی موارد در مجمع‌البیان نیز رعایت شده است.
  5. با در نظر گرفتن روش تفسیری التبیان به‌ویژه در نقل روایات، می‌توان شیخ­ طوسی را مبدع و بنیان­گذار سبک تفسیر تقریبی دانست. این روش در تفاسیر بعدی شیعه به‌ویژه مجمع‌البیان ادامه یافته ­است.

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