نوع مقاله : علمی و پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار گروه الهیات دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
Verse 13 of Sūrat al-Ḥajj ﴿یَدْعُوا لَمَنْ ضَرُّهُ أَقْرَبُ مِنْ نَفْعِهِ لَبِئْسَ الْمَوْلىٰ وَلَبِئْسَ الْعَشِیرُ﴾ is one of the Qur’anic verses that has generated diverse grammatical and exegetical interpretations due to the occurrence of the particle lām before man and the ambiguity surrounding the syntactic function of the verb yadʿū. This study aims to identify, classify, and critically evaluate the principal grammatical-exegetical approaches to the verse and to determine the preferred interpretation on the basis of established scholarly criteria. Its significance lies in providing a systematic assessment of dispersed opinions found in classical grammatical and exegetical sources and contributing to a clearer understanding of a challenging Qur’anic construction. Employing a descriptive-analytical method and relying on library-based research, the study surveys relevant grammatical and exegetical works. The findings show that the proposed interpretations can be grouped into eight major approaches. Comparative evaluation based on grammatical consistency, contextual compatibility, avoidance of forced syntactic explanations, and scholarly acceptance indicates that the strongest interpretation understands yadʿū as yaqūlu (“he says”), treats the lām as lām al-ibtidāʾ, assumes an omitted predicate for man, and regards the clause “Surely, an evil patron and an evil companion indeed” as an independent divine condemnation. This interpretation enjoys the strongest grammatical and exegetical support and may therefore be considered the preferred understanding of the verse.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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